Atmospheric and Space Physics investigate the study of dynamical, thermal, radiational, electro-, and magneto dynamical processes of the atmospheric phenomena. The division of Atmospheric and Space Physics aims to bring broad aspects of scientific talks which include the atmosphere’s physical characteristics, motions, and processes, and the way in which these factors affect the rest of our environment. This covers the areas of atmospheric electricity, upper atmospheric physics, atmospheric chemistry, interplanetary space, the planetary magnetospheres, and many more.
Light-absorbing aerosols and climate in South Asia
Atmospheric warming is leading to an accelerated retreat of glaciers in the Himalayan-Tibetan Plateau
region. A major contributor to this warming is the absorption of sunlight by aerosol particles, especially
black carbon (BC) and brown carbon (BrC), which are emitted from combustion sources, and natural
dust particles, which dominantly contribute to the aerosol mass loading over many continental regions,
including parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP), the Himalayan foothills and the Tibetan Plateau. However,
quantitative determination and attribution of the atmospheric warming produced by these aerosol types has
been difficult, especially due to a 50% uncertainty in their contribution to absorption aerosol optical depth
(AAOD). Developing effective mitigation options for climate change over South Asia, a major aerosol hot
spot, yet vulnerable and relatively poorly-studied region, requires a better quantification of the contributions
of absorbing aerosol particles. Aerosols continue to contribute the largest uncertainty in climate change. Over
Asia, a global aerosol hotspot, spatial patterns of aerosol emissions are changing mainly because of changes
in anthropogenic emissions, producing a dipole in atmospheric aerosol loading between East (decrease in
emissions) and South Asia (increase in emissions). The resultant aerosol radiative effects are expected to
be different as compared to the last decades of the 20th century because of this emerging Asian aerosol
dipole. The projection and assessments of radiative and climate impacts of aerosols rely on simulating
accurately the aerosol properties, thus, making it imperative that current climate models involved in climate
assessments including the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Assessment Report, simulate well the
magnitude and trends in changing aerosol properties. Results obtained for the first time on light-absorbing
aerosols using new and high-quality observations, and on the trends in aerosols over Asia and their climate
impact from satellites, ground-based observations and simulations from climate models with state-of-the-art
treatment of aerosol chemistry, physics and meteorology will be presented.
Session Schedule
Please look below for detailed schedule.
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Abstract Number: ANPA2022_0130 Presenting Author: Srikanthan Ramachandran (Invited) Presenter's Affiliation: Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, India Title: Light-absorbing aerosols and climate in South Asia Show/Hide Abstract Atmospheric warming is leading to an accelerated retreat of glaciers in the Himalayan-Tibetan Plateau region. A major contributor to this warming is the absorption of sunlight by aerosol particles, especially black carbon (BC) and brown carbon (BrC), which are emitted from combustion sources, and natural dust particles, which dominantly contribute to the aerosol mass loading over many continental regions, including parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP), the Himalayan foothills and the Tibetan Plateau. However, quantitative determination and attribution of the atmospheric warming produced by these aerosol types has been difficult, especially due to a 50% uncertainty in their contribution to absorption aerosol optical depth (AAOD). Developing effective mitigation options for climate change over South Asia, a major aerosol hot spot, yet vulnerable and relatively poorly-studied region, requires a better quantification of the contributions of absorbing aerosol particles. Aerosols continue to contribute the largest uncertainty in climate change. Over Asia, a global aerosol hotspot, spatial patterns of aerosol emissions are changing mainly because of changes in anthropogenic emissions, producing a dipole in atmospheric aerosol loading between East (decrease in emissions) and South Asia (increase in emissions). The resultant aerosol radiative effects are expected to be different as compared to the last decades of the 20th century because of this emerging Asian aerosol dipole. The projection and assessments of radiative and climate impacts of aerosols rely on simulating accurately the aerosol properties, thus, making it imperative that current climate models involved in climate assessments including the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Assessment Report, simulate well the magnitude and trends in changing aerosol properties. Results obtained for the first time on light-absorbing aerosols using new and high-quality observations, and on the trends in aerosols over Asia and their climate impact from satellites, ground-based observations and simulations from climate models with state-of-the-art treatment of aerosol chemistry, physics and meteorology will be presented.
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Abstract Number: ANPA2022_0131 Presenting Author: Nabin Malakar Presenter's Affiliation: Worcester State University, MA Title: Environmental Intelligence using Machine Learning Applications Show/Hide Abstract The big data deluge has presented us with a unique opportunity to observe the environment. Measured by enumerable sensors, which employ the basic physics principles in sensing the environment. These include, but are not limited to remote sensing of air quality, temperature, or other bio-physical variables. Although a great effort has been placed in collecting the data, a greater effort needs to be placed in their societal applications. Machine Learning tools can provide easy access to build such applications. Continuous monitoring and alerting the interested party can prevent some of the undesirable outcomes. As an example, a weather forecast is widely used�to predict the temperature/precipitation for a few days in advance.� �Similarly, new applications can be developed�to practice some of the intelligent decision-making that affects public health. Recent progress in�air quality studies is promising to develop such environmental intelligence.� �In this presentation, we discuss some of the applications of the relevant datasets for the�Environmental Intelligence using Machine Learning Applications.
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Abstract Number: ANPA2022_0132 Presenting Author: Santosh Sapkota Presenter's Affiliation: Prithivi Narayan Campus Title: Coparision of Aerosol optical properties over Beijing ( China) , Kanpur( India) and Pokhara ( Nepal) . Show/Hide Abstract The mixture of different particles (fine and coarse) with air composition forms aerosols, mostly in urban industrial areas, particularly in developing countries. Beijing (China), Kanpur (India), and Pokhara (Nepal) are in Asian monsoon zones with significant aerosol loading due to increased economic activity, vehicles, and urbanization. Data are extracted from AERONET websites between 2010 to 2019 with the standard deviation at these three sites. We are mainly focused to understand variations in aerosol optical properties: aerosol optical depth (AOD), angstrom parameter (? and ?), visibility, single-scattering albedo (SSA), refractive index (real and imaginary) radioactive forcing, and absorption aerosol optical depth (AAOD) respectively. The maximum and minimum values of AOD (440nm) in Beijing occurred mostly in summer and winter respectively, whereas the ranges of AOD over Kanpur and Pokhara were found to be lower. AOD, angstrom exponent (? and ?), visibility, single-scattering albedo, refractive index, radioactive forcing, and absorption aerosol optical depth of the aerosols are unique and different from regular seasonal fluctuations. The turbidity coefficient(?) was inversely related to visibility. The Visibility over Pokhara was found to be three times more than Kanpur and Beijing. The SSA and AAOD are found to be wavelength-dependent over these three stations. The single-scattering albedo (SSA) accretions with a wavelength at 440-675nm but this trend is different at 675-1020nm. The ranges of averaged (SSA and AAOD) for the four wavelengths (440 nm, 670 nm, 870 nm, 1020 nm) at Kanpur and Pokhara were lower as compared to Beijing. All parameters are found to be distinct and seasonal fluctuations among these three sites.
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Abstract Number: ANPA2022_0133 Presenting Author: Prakash Man Shrestha Presenter's Affiliation: Patan multiple Campus, IoST, TU Title: Atmospheric Linke Turbidity index over Deukhuri Valley, Dang Show/Hide Abstract The aim of this project is to study Atmospheric Linke turbidity index over Deukhuri Valley, Dang (27�50?32.2?N, 82�45?41.9?E and 445 m a.s.l.). The atmospheric Linke Turbidity index is calculated from solar radiation measurements of NASA satellite for period of 4 years (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018). The annual average clearness index (KT), Linke turbidity index (LT) and visibility are 0.55 � 0.12, 2.5 � 1.1 and 10.4 � 3.8 km respectively. Atmospheric Linke turbidity index is used on agriculture, hydrology, climate change and energy harvesting. In study period, number of good days (visibility >15 km) and number of bad days (visibility <5 km) are found to be 188 and 94 respectively. This research work is beneficial for the further identification, impact and analysis of atmospheric turbidity at different places.
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